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{geni:about_me} Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg



Augustus (10 April 1579, Dannenberg X 17 September 1666, Wolfenbüttel), called the Younger, was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In the estate division of the House of Welf of 1635, he received the Principality of Wolfenbüttel.

Augustus was the seventh child of Henry, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. After complicated negotiations with his family members and an intervention by Emperor Ferdinand II, it was agreed that he should inherit Wolfenbüttel, whose last ruler had died in 1634. Because of the Thirty Years' War, he could not move into his residence until 1644. Augustus instituted a number of government reforms, and founded the Bibliotheca Augusta, a large library, in Wolfenbüttel.

Augustus was succeeded by his three sons, Rudolph Augustus, Anthony Ulrich, and Ferdinand Albert.

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Wikipedia: English: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus_the_Younger,_Duke_of_Brunswick-L%C3%BCneburg

Deutsch: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_II._(Braunschweig-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel)

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Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Augustus (10 April 1579, Dannenberg X 17 September 1666, Wolfenbüttel), called the Younger, was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In the estate division of the House of Welf of 1635, he received the Principality of Wolfenbüttel.

Augustus was the seventh child of Henry, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. After complicated negotiations with his family members and an intervention by Emperor Ferdinand II, it was agreed that he should inherit Wolfenbüttel, whose last ruler had died in 1634. Because of the Thirty Years' War, he could not move into his residence until 1644. Augustus instituted a number of government reforms, and founded the Bibliotheca Augusta, a large library, in Wolfenbüttel. Under the pseudonym Gustavus Selenus, he wrote a book on chess in 1616, Chess or the King's game, and on cryptography in 1624: Cryptomenytices et Cryptographiae libri IX. The pseudonym is a cryptic reference to his name, Gustavus anagrams (with U=V) to Augustus, the surname is a play on the Greek goddess of the moon (Selene). The book on cryptography is largely based on earlier work by Trithemius.

Augustus was succeeded by his three sons, Rudolph Augustus, Anthony Ulrich, and Ferdinand Albert.

August giftet seg med Sophie Dorothea Askanier, Erbherzogin zu Braunschweig-Wolfenbütte 26 Okt 1623, Zerbst, Sachsen-Anhalt, Deutschland(HRR). Sophie (datter av Rudolf von Anhalt-Zerbst, fürst og Dorothea, Brunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, fürstin zu Anhalt-Zerbst) ble født 5 Okt 1607 , Zerbst, Anhalt-Zerbst, Deutschland(HRR); døde 26 Sep 1634, Hitzacker, Braunschweig-Lüneburg, Deutschland(HRR). [Gruppeskjema] [Familiediagram]

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{geni:about_me} ==Links:==
*[http://thepeerage.com/p218.htm#i2179 The Peerage]
*[http://www.geneall.net/D/per_page.php?id=403136 Geneall]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolph_Augustus,_Duke_of_Brunswick-L%C3%BCneburg Wikipedia]
*'''Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel:''' 1666X1704 with his brother Anthony Ulrich between 1685 and 1702
*'''Predecessor:''' [http://www.geni.com/people/August-II-Herzog-von-Braunschweig-Wolfenbuttel/6000000001500239507 Augustus] '''Successor''' [http://www.geni.com/people/Anton-Ulrich-von-Braunschweig-Luneburg/6000000001500114529 Anthony Ulrich]

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{geni:about_me} '''Links:'''

*[http://thepeerage.com/p585.htm#i5846 The Peerage]
*[http://www.geneall.net/D/per_page.php?id=184304 Geneall]

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{geni:about_me}
==Links:==
*[http://www.geneall.net/D/per_page.php?id=351541 Geneall]

Familie/Ektefelle/partner: Friedrich von Württemberg, Herzog zu Württemberg-Neuenstadt. Friedrich (sønn av Johann Friedrich von Württemberg, Herzog og Barbara Sophia Hohenzollern, Herzogin zu Württemberg) ble født cirka 1615 , Stuttgart, Württemberg, Deutschland(HRR); døde cirka 1682, Neuenstadt am Kocher, Württemberg, Deutschland(HRR); ble begravet , Familiengruft, Nikolauskirche. [Gruppeskjema] [Familiediagram]

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{geni:occupation} hertug

{geni:about_me} ==Links:==

*[http://thepeerage.com/p11212.htm#i112118 The Peerage]
*[http://www.geneall.net/D/per_page.php?id=63205 Geneall]
*'''Wikipedia:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Ulrich,_Duke_of_Brunswick-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel English] [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Ulrich_(Braunschweig-Wolfenb%C3%BCttel)_ Deutsch]
*'''Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Prince of Wolfenbüttel''' Reign 1685 - 1714 until 1704 with his brother Rudolph Augustus.
>'''Predecessor:''' [http://www.geni.com/people/indexl/6000000005598803940 Rudolph Augustus] '''Successor:''' [http://www.geni.com/people/index/6000000005598803888 August William]

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{geni:about_me} http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Willem,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg-Neuenstadt

Ferdinand Willem, Duke of Wurttemberg-Neuenstadt (September 12, 1659, Neuenstadt am Kocher X June 7, 1701, Sluis) was a general in the Dutch army.

Ferdinand Wilhelm (original German spelling) was the sixth child of Frederick (Württemberg-Neuenstadt). He fought at the Battle of Steenkerque in 1692.

Appointed general on August 20, 1693 after the Battle of Neerwinden, he became commander of the Garde te Voet as successor of Count Solms, who was killed at the battle.

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{geni:about_me} http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Rudolf,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg-Neuenstadt

Carl Rudolf (Neuenstadt am Kocher, 29 May 1667 X Neuenstadt am Kocher, 17 November 1742) was third and last Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt, army commander in Danish service and Field Marshal of the Holy Roman Empire.

Life

Carl Rudolf was the youngest son of Frederick, who had founded the Württemberg-Neuenstadt branch in 1649, and his wife Clara Augusta von Braunschweig. The young Duke studied in Tübingen and Strassburg. His Grand Tour brought him to Geneva, the south of France, the court of Louis XIV, London and northern Germany.

Military career

Already in 1687 he raised a Württemberger Regiment, to support the Republic of Venice in their war against the Ottoman Empire in Greece. Carl Rudolf personally led a company of 150 men and fought during two years in Morea and Negroponte, until he was shot in the chest during the siege of Negroponte. He survived, but the bullet remained in his lungs for the rest of life.

When Carl Rudolf returned to Württemberg in the beginning of 1690, the War of the Grand Alliance had already started. Carl Rudolf entered in Danish service and went to Ireland to support the Protestant William of Orange against the deposed Catholic King James II of England. The commander of the Danish troops was Carl Rudolf's elder brother Ferdinand Wilhelm. Both brothers fought in the victorious Battle of the Boyne.

In 1692 both brothers fought the French in Flanders and participated in the battles of Steenkerke and Neerwinden. When the war ended in 1697, the Danish King sent them to present-day Ukraine, where they supported the Polish-Saxontroops in the PolishXOttoman War (1683-1699) against the Turks. In 1700 they fought in the Great Northern War against Sweden, but Denmark was forced to retreat from the war in the same year.

One year later the War of Spanish Succession broke out, where France was opposed by a British-Dutch-Habsburg coalition. Denmark supported the coalition and Carl Rudolf was sent at the head of an army of 12,000 men to the Netherlands. For his actions in 1702, he was awarded the highest Danish award, the Order of the Elephant. In 1704 he led the Danish troops in the Battle of Blenheim. In the Battle of Ramillies (1706) and Malplaquet (1709) he distinguishedhimself and played an important part in both victories.

By the end of the war, he was in command of the entire Danish Army.

In the meanwhile, Denmark had reentered the Great Northern War and Carl Rudolf was ordered to take Stralsund from the Swedish, which he accomplished in 1715 after a long siege.

Ruler in Neuenstadt

In 1716 Carl Rudolf's eldest brother Frederick August died. He had ruled Neuenstadt since 1682. Because Frederick August had left no male successors, and the second brother Ferdinand Wilhelm had died in 1701, the Duchy passed to Carl Rudolf. After 25 years in service, he left the Danish army and returned home.

In 1734 he was recalled once more as Generalfeldmarschall of the Holy Roman Empire to defend the Upper Rhine against the French in the War of Polish Succession.

In 1737, the Duke of the main line of the house of Württemberg, Carl Alexander, died unexpectedly in Stuttgart. His son Carl Eugen was only 9 years old, and Carl Rudolf was appointed Regent. Carl Alexander had left the Duchy in adisastrous financial state and was hated by the population. To prevent an uprising, Carl Rudolf accused the Jewish Finance-minister, Joseph Süß Oppenheimer, and had him executed. Shortly after, Carl Rudolf passed on the Regency to Carl Friedrich of Württemberg-Oels, for health reasons.

Carl Rudolf died of catarrh in November 1742, and was buried in the Nikolauskirche in Neuenstadt am Kocher.

Carl Rudolf never married, but lived together with Marie Therese de La Contry. They had no children.