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- {geni:about_me} BogusXaw RadziwiXX (Lithuanian: Boguslovas Radvila; May 3, 1620 X December 31, 1669) was a princely magnate and a member of the PolishXLithuanian szlachta, or nobility. He was of the RadziwiXX (Radvila) noble family.
Born of the mightiest and highest resident family of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (as well as a blood descendant of King Casimir IV of Poland, and KXstutis and Vytautas, monarchs of Lithuania),[1] RadziwiXX was the owner of BirXai, Dubingiai, SXuck, and Kopyta, the great Standard-bearer of Lithuania since 1638, the Master of the Stables of Lithuania since 1648, and the Starost barski. RadziwiXX was Governor of the Duchy of Prussia (generalny gubernator Prus KsiXXXcych) since 1657.
From 1637 to 1648 RadziwiXX studied abroad, in Germany, Netherlands, England, and France. He was also Imperial Prince of the Holy Roman Empire[1].
For several decades, the interests between the RadziwiXX family and the PolishXLithuanian Commonwealth had begun to drift apart, as RadziwXX were less satisfied with the magnate status of the family and its immense wealth and began craving for more political power.
Together with his cousin Janusz RadziwiXX in 1654 during The Deluge, or Swedish invasion of Poland, BogusXaw RadziwiXX began negotiations with King Charles X Gustav of Sweden aimed at breaking the Commonwealth and the PolishXLithuanian union. They signed a treaty according to which the SwedishXLithuanian union was founded and the RadziwiXXs were to rule over two duchies carved up from the lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
The Swedish defeat and eventual retreat from the territories of the Commonwealth abruptly ended the plans of Janusz and BogusXaw. The former died at Tykocin castle besieged by forces loyal to the Commonwealth, while BogusXaw retreated with his forces to Prussia, where he supported Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, against the Polish king. In the Battle of Prostki on October 8, 1656, BogusXaw's forces were decimated by the Commonwealth forces under Hetman Wincenty Korwin Gosiewski. RadziwiXX himself was captured by the Tatars, who initially enslaved him and wanted to transport him to Crimea. After fierce discussions with the Tatar commanders, he was handed over to Gosiewski.
Boguslaw married Anna Maria RadziwiXX, the only daughter of his relative and collaborator, the late prince Janusz. In turn, this couple had only one surviving child, a daughter, Ludwika Karolina RadziwiXX. Both BogusXaw's and Janusz's lines of the RadziwiXX family became extinct by the next generation.
In Poland it is believed that BogusXaw's and Janusz's only lasting achievement was to tarnish the RadziwiXX family name for years to come with their treason, eclipsing the deeds of other RadziwiXXs like MichaX Kazimierz RadziwiXX, who fought for the Crown and the Commonwealth against the Swedes. BogusXaw is the archvillain in a novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz, The Deluge, which is mandatory school reading in Poland, and is also the basis for a very popular eponymous film.
BogusXaw died in exile in Königsberg. He was the last Calvinist male member of his family. His estates and the task to protect the Polish Reformed Church passed to his only daughter, Princess Ludwika Karolina.
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1620 - 1669 (49 år)
